Essay on Three Executive Departments within Congress

Three Executive Departments within Congress In 1789 Congress created three Executive Departments: State or Foreign Affairs, Treasury and War. It also provided for an Attorney General and a Postmaster General. Congress apportioned domestic matters among these departments. The idea of setting up a separate department to handle domestic matters was put forward on numerous occasions. It wasnt until March 3, 1849, the last day of the 30th Congress, that a bill was passed to create the Department of the Interior to take charge of the Nations internal affairs. The Interior Department had a wide range of responsibilities entrusted to it: the construction of the national capitals water system, the colonization of freed slaves in Haiti,†¦show more content†¦1940 The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service is created from the Bureau of Fisheries and the Bureau of Biological Survey. 1946 Interiors General Land Office and Grazing Service are merged into the Bureau of Land Management. 1977 The Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement is established to oversee state regulation of strip coal mining and repair of environmental damage. What are the responsibilities of the Department of Interior? As the nations principal conservation agency, the U.S. Department of the Interior has responsibility for most of our nationally owned public lands and natural resources. From its establishment in 1849, the Department has managed many varied programs including Indian Affairs, administering land grants, improving historic western emigrant routes, marking boundaries, and conducting research on geological resources. The Departments mission is (1) to encourage and provide for the appropriate management, preservation, and operation of the Nations public lands and natural resources for use and enjoyment both now and in the future; (2) to carry out related scientific research and investigations in support of these objectives; (3) to develop and use resources in an environmentally sound manner, and provide an equitable return on these resources to the American taxpayer; and (4) to carry out trust responsibilities of the U.S. Government with respect to American Indians and Alaska Natives. TheShow MoreRelatedThe System Of Checks And Balances859 Words   |  4 PagesPolitics midterm essay. DR. 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Research Methods for Satisfying Employees - myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theResearch Methodsfor Satisfying Employees and Encouraging. Answer: Introduction: Business organization and its work environment is constantly changing and evolving with time. In the era of intense competition, satisfying employees and encouraging them to cope with a changing environment is a challenging task. Organizations who want to promote efficiency and productivity pays lot of attention to providing good working environment and fulfilling the needs of employees. However, employee express dissatisfaction in their job because of work pressure, poor support in workplace, poor salaries and promotion option and little flexibility in their role (Raziq and Maulabakhsh 2015). Apart from work environment factors, there are many other reasons for employees dissatisfaction with the job. This many include monotonous work, low motivation, poor team management and leadership style (Mowday et al. 2013). The main aim of this research proposal is to identify the association between work environment and employees dissatisfaction with their job. The main focus is on reviewing current literature related to job dissatisfaction due to work environment and find the gap to proceed with further research on the topic. Only work environment factors and not other factors is considered for this research proposal because many workplace pay less importance to work environment for enhancing employees performance. However, conducting research to identify the association between work environment and job dissatisfaction in employees is necessary to understand the work environment factors to enhance employees satisfaction with their job. The outcome of the research would help to identify the needs of employees in workplace and provide them good working environment to increase productivity of the organization. Findings from Literature Review: Before proceeding with the research topic, reviewing the current literature is necessary to identify what has been covered about employees job dissatisfaction and find any gap or any unanswered question in the research study. The research by Raziq and Maulabakhsh (2015) investigated about the impact of work environment on job satisfaction by means collecting data from a self-administered questionnaire with employees. The quantitative study revealed positive association between work environment and job satisfaction. Employees working in all sectors expressed that work environment played an important role for them in achieving satisfaction with their job. The major concern among employees related to work environment included working hours, job security, esteem needs, relationship with coworkers and top management of the company. On other hand, extrinsic rewards were found to enhance motivation of employees and their satisfaction level with the job. Hence, the study gave the idea that p ositive relationship in workplace along with providing opportunities to employee helps to fulfill both their esteem needs and increasing the satisfaction with their jobs. However, the gap in the study is that it did not studied about the work environment factors that is needed to enhance job satisfaction level, hence in future research it would be necessary to investigate about the employees perception regarding the environmental factors they perceive as important for continuing with their job. Another study was useful in presenting the conceptual model of working environment and the job satisfaction. According to this model, good working environment is dependent on the parameter of working hours, job safety, esteem needs of employees and top management. In addition, job satisfaction was reflected from the element of employee loyalty, commitment level, performance and efficiency, productivity and sense of ownership in workplace (Sell and Cleal 2011). The research by (Bakotic and Babic 2013) also investigated about the relationship between working condition and job satisfaction. The study explained that employees mostly prefer safe and pleasant working conditions in their workplace. The researcher categorized workers into two groups- those who worked in pleasant working conditions and those worked in difficult working conditions. The main purpose of research was to evaluate the difference in overall job satisfaction between the above two group of employees and why such diffe rence exist. The results of the empirical research revealed that no difference is found between the overall job satisfaction level of two group of workers. However, employees were found to be have more satisfaction level while working in administration work compared to working in difficult conditions. Hence, the conclusion from this study was that improving working condition of employees particularly those who work in hazardous conditions is critical for job satisfaction. Therefore, in future more action will be required in improving safety provisions at workplace, training workers and providing adequate protective equipment to fulfill their needs of safety and security in the job. Many other empirical studies confirmed about the positive association between work environment and job satisfaction. The research by (Jain and Kaur 2014) evaluated the work environment of Dominos pizza to determine the impact of its environment on job satisfaction. The main focus of the study was to evaluated the current satisfaction level of employees, identify factors affecting work environment and the impact of work environment on job satisfaction. The review of employees perception related to job satisfaction revealed that workload and overtime was a major cause of dissatisfaction for employees. Secondly, the behavior of supervisor was the cause of discontentment among employees. Fatigue and boredom was a cause of low motivation in job. Hence, the study presented that certain environmental factors are the cause of changing attrition rate and job satisfaction level in employees. However, the study lacks information regarding the steps that organizations can take to reduce boredom and fatigue in employee and so more research work would be required in this area. The above literature mainly focused on evaluating the impact of work environment on job satisfaction, however there was literature to assess employees motivation at work place. The work by Dartey-Baah and Amoako, (2011) is important in this regard as it applied the Herzbergs two factor theory to identify the factors that satisfy or dissatisfy employees in their job. According to Herzberg, satisfaction is dependent on hygiene factor of company policy, interpersonal relationship with supervisors and peers, personal life, working condition and job security. In addition, motivator factors include contentment with the job and possibility of personal growth and responsibility. The research done on Ghananian workers revealed that neither motivator nor hygiene factor is needed to address dissatisfaction with the job. Instead it is dependent on effectively blending both the factors to make it suitable to the needs of employees. Hence, striking balance between both this factors is necessary to improve performance and commitment of employees and enhance their motivation level in job. Research Question and Research Objective: By reviewing the literature related to the association between the work performance and job satisfaction, several gaps in past studies has been identified. For instance, there was a lot of focus on impact of work environment on job satisfaction, however the research did not considered the type of work environment or factors present currently in organizations. Secondly, biasness in result were also found because the other motivational factors of employees that could have led to poor job satisfaction level was considered in studies. Therefore, this research proposal focuses on the following question: What are the current level of environment factors (such as salaries, perks, opportunities and interpersonal relationship with peers and managers) present in workplace to retain employees and enhance their satisfaction with the job? What are the perception of employees regarding the cause of dissatisfaction in their work place? Is the job satisfaction level linked to personal motivator factors too? What are the future plans of organization or recommendation to improve job satisfaction level and improve their performance in the job? The main objective of the research proposal is to evaluate the work environment factors present in organization to retain employees and identify the causes of dissatisfaction with job by considering the personal motivator factors of employees too. Motivation for CurrentResearch: This research is motivated by the high turn over rate or attrition rate currently witnessed in workplace. Such high turnover rate mainly occurs due to the poor working condition and dissatisfaction with the job. Having a dissatisfied worker is a risk to the organization because such employees lack commitment and motivation to give their best in their job and absenteeism and poor performance becomes common. The ultimate effect is seen on the organizational performance too as productivity is hampered and efficiency of work is significantly disturbed (Bakotic and Babic 2013). Therefore, this issue was a motivation for me to conduct this study. This study will help to evaluate the attitude of employees towards their job and their perception about work place. This will help rationalize their behavior and performance in work place. The finding of this research will also help to find out the provisions that is necessary to improve organization performance and adds rewards or other strategie s to improve the experience of employees while working. Data Collection Method and Feasibility of the Research: The main purpose of the research proposal is to evaluate the current work environment factors present to retain employees in their job and evaluate the perceptions of employees towards satisfaction or dissatisfaction with their job. To get answer to the research question, qualitative research study will be used by means of self-administered survey questionnaires. The interview will be done with managers and employees of private business organization. The data will be collected by sending online questionnaires to the employees and managers and recording their response on the basis of different theme as mentioned in the conceptual model of work environment and job satisfaction. The use of open ended and close ended questionnaire will help to determine the percentage of employees who are dissatisfied with their job and the work environment factors that caused dissatisfaction. Secondly, the response regarding future action to improve employee satisfaction level will promote positive chan ges in organization and improve organizational performance. The feasibility of the survey based research is high because all ethical requirement will be met and the online mode of survey will not cause any convenience and the participants can easily provided their response. Reference Bakotic, D. and Babic, T., 2013. Relationship between working conditions and job satisfaction: The case of croatian shipbuilding company.International Journal of Business and Social Science,4(2). Dartey-Baah, K. and Amoako, G.K., 2011. Application of Frederick Herzberg's Two-Factor theory in assessing and understanding employee motivation at work: a Ghanaian Perspective.European Journal of Business and Management,3(9), pp.1-8. Jain, R. and Kaur, S., 2014. Impact of work environment on job satisfaction.International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications,4(1), pp.1-8. Mowday, R.T., Porter, L.W. and Steers, R.M., 2013.Employeeorganization linkages: The psychology of commitment, absenteeism, and turnover. Academic press. Raziq, A. and Maulabakhsh, R., 2015. Impact of working environment on job satisfaction.Procedia Economics and Finance,23, pp.717-725. Sell, L. and Cleal, B., 2011. Job satisfaction, work environment, and rewards: Motivational theory revisited.Labour,25(1), pp.1-23.

Daniel Juarez Essays (1791 words) - Diets, Health, Nutrition

Daniel Juarez Professor McMillen English 101 3 May 2017 What Should We Eat There are many things that contribute to the make up of your health. Your health can be based on your physical, mental and emotional wellness. Maintaining a healthy diet is the most important factor in ones overall health because healthy food gives one more energy and enables weight control. A healthy diet cuts down on diseases such as diabetes, high cholesterol, high blood pressure, etc. Another benefit to eating healthy is an improvement of ones overall mood. One might argue that physical exercise is the most important factor for being healthy, but that is just not quite true. Eating healthy is most important. The healthiest way to eat is a diet called the Ketogenic Diet which consists of eating little carbohydrates, high amounts of healthy fats, clean proteins, and low to no intake of sugars regardless of if it is natural sugars or added sugars is a great way to ensure premium health. The word diet tends to have a bad connotation but a diet is simply what you eat and what foods yo u choose to live off. A diet is not meant to be a temporary or quick way to lose weight. A diet is meant to keep you healthy and improve yourself and the overall longevity of your body. There are many new diets, supplements, and health trends that appear all the time, but how are you to know what is really healthy for you? The ketogenic diet goes against what we have been taught throughout our lives. But dare to be different and throw away fundamental teachings and be open to knew ways and new ideas that go against conventional thinking. The way you feel, what you eat, how you stay healthy, and what you do is the concern of the individual. Your diet is by far the most important thing for your overall health. What is health? A vague definition of health is; the overall wellness of ones self. Your health is comprised of your physical, mental, and emotional status. Each component of health can be broken down even further, but what we want to concentrate on is the physical aspect of it. Your physical health can increase, decrease, and be maintained based off two very important factors being, physical fitness/activity (exercise) and nutrition. Maintaining a healthy diet is the most important factor in your physical health. The article "Healthy fats for healthy nutrition" elaborates on the importance of ones health saying, "Unhealthy diet is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and a major contributor to the development of cardiovascular risk factors. It also may increase the incidence of other non-communicable-diseases such as osteoporosis, neurodegenerative diseases and some types of cancer" (Volpe 1). Your body turns what you eat into energy in order for you to move, breathe, proce ss information, and simply live in general. One might argue on the contrary and say that physical fitness is the more important factor of the two. The truth of the matter is yes your physical fitness may be important but without proper nutrition, your body cannot exert the appropriate amount of energy needed to exercise proficiently. How you eat, and what you eat allows for adequate energy conversion that fuels your body enabling peak performance. Eating healthy foods that contain healthy fats, clean proteins, low carbohydrates, and low to no intake of sugars is a great way to ensure premium health, supplemental and efficient fuel for your body. This type of eating is what is known as a ketogenic diet. In the article "Escape from the Western Diet," author Michael Pollan states that scientists who supported carbohydrates told him that he should not allow himself to be swayed by the "omega-3 cult" (Pollen 420). Omega-3's and Omega-6's are what you would call a healthy fat found in such foods as avocados, fish, olive oil, nuts, seeds and many other healthy food items that your body needs. Clean proteins include fish, beef, bison, venison, chicken, and my other animals we consume. One would preferably choose to eat grass fed or naturally raised animals which consume the foods they would in the wild. These animals tend to be leaner and more healthy options due

Financial accounting Essays

Financial accounting Essays Financial accounting Essay Financial accounting Essay Then the group members critically discussed on how the assignment can be done through the given guideline. Accordingly, we select the base year 2012 and the past four years financial statements. This is important for identification of major changes in trends, and relationships and the investigation of the reasons underlying those changes. Information extracted from the financial statements that can facilitate the conclusion of the analysis was gathered and noted. While it used is historical, our intent is clearly to arrive at recommendations and forecasts for the future rather than provide a picture of the past. The performance of pick n pay is assessed by analyzing of profitability, liquidity, efficiency gearing ratios, and cash flow statement. In this way financial condition of the firm is stated and the segmental analysis on profitability and efficiency conducted for the selected five consecutive years. Based on the outlined and stated statement we have explained the future prospects of the pick n pay for its internal and external financial users such as : Creditors, investors, customers,suppliers and employees. Finally, from the financial statements of the Shoplifter for the year selected as the same for pick n pay financial ratio analysis have been done. Accordingly, the two companies financial performance were compared and summarized. And also, our prospect attention and recommendation of the two businesses were concluded The financial analysis is the selection, evaluation and interpretation of financial data. According to this, from the pick n pay selected years financial statements we analyze uncial data with the respective measurement types of ratio analysis to evaluate the firms overall performance and activities of business operation as follows Notes for calculation of financial ratios are annexed to this report.

Marketing plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 3

Marketing plan - Essay Example It comprises of a careful mix or composition of all the ingredients that help cure hangovers. The company has its headquarters located in the United States of America. The management comprises of five individuals with employees being fifteen in number. Our mission is to give our customers a sensational feeling that connects fun to the real world without jeopardizing any other operations. Since our existence, we have cherished and valued the sober state of individuals as being the most productive state and we seek to maintain that feeling and effect even after wild parties in the most convenient and enjoyable way. The idea is to generate interesting content easily spread on the canvas because of their interest. The consumer must obviously be the main actor of this content in which it participates since it is a new product Second, it is to create content only interesting but also related to business objective. It must also be consistent with the brand image and value of Hang Down Ultimate Drink. Finally, it must meet the expectations of consumers of the beverage. As we have already noted above, social networks are the ideal place to foster dialogue with consumers. This not helps to enhance the words of the consumers but also to collect valuable information about expectations, desires, disappointments consumer. Generate conversations is also the perfect way to â€Å"humanize† the brand and its values The economic situation of the world depends on the American dollar and how it trades in the market determines the revenue rates that the company receives. Moreover, the existence of an economically sound environment boosts and promotes trade in various parts where the company has set various outlets. The law has a high influence over the operation of the company. It is responsible for ensuring that a healthy competitive business environment

The Harlem Renaissance and its Effect on African American Literature Research Paper

The Harlem Renaissance and its Effect on African American Literature - Research Paper Example Its flame continues to burn today through the writings of contemporary African American authors. It has been argued that the Harlem Renaissance was short-lived and without much effect on literature black or white. However, to say this and limit its impact to a short period in the 1920s is shortsighted, as the early writing of such authors as W.E.B. DuBois clearly â€Å"manifested an awareness of the possibilities of a black aesthetic still in development today...It might even be that its effects were still being strongly felt, and thus that it was still figuratively alive, as late as 1970.†2 The complex nature of the literary movement which we identify with the European Renaissance is very much a continuing project. Clearly the literature of the period had roots firmly planted in the African experience of writers, most of whom were descendents of slaves. While some sought to incorporate slavery into their work, others such as Alain Locke in his 1926 book, The New Negro: An Interpretation sought to promote black authors as legitimate representatives of an expanding African-American culture. â€Å"Central to the development of this racial awakening is a new internationalism which Locke describes as primarily an effort to recapture contact with the scattered peoples of African derivation.† 3 While African roots of blacks in this period played an intrinsic role in life and literary development of blacks, the Renaissance had a surprising reciprocal effect on African writers such as Peter Abrahams as noted in his comments upon reading DuBois’s The Souls of Black Folks. â€Å"Du Bois...might have been writing about my land and people. The mood and feeling he described were native to me....[he] had given me a key to the understanding of the world. The Negro is not free.†4 A note here should explain that DuBois in his writing chose to explore

Public Support for NASA Essay Example for Free

Public Support for NASA Essay Established by the National Aeronautics and Space Act of 1958, NASA believes in these words of Abraham Lincoln: â€Å"With public sentiment, nothing can fail; without it nothing can succeed (â€Å"External Assessment;† â€Å"Public Opinion of the American Space Program†).†Ã‚   After all, NASA is dependent on public funding for its unspeakably expensive space programs.   Even though the government has spent an immense amount of money on the Iraq War, and it is common knowledge that at least forty seven million people in the United States, including at least eight million children cannot afford health insurance, NASA’s programs must continue. These space programs cost billions of dollars, while the cost of providing health care for a single American child is far less.   Therefore, public support for NASA must dwindle according to the times.   The American public is pretty wise as far as funding for NASA’s space programs is concerned.   This is the reason why public support for NASA slipped during the year 2001 after its rise in the 1990s (David).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Despite the current trade deficit of the United States – a loud and clear message that American consumption is beyond control – as well as the health care failures confronting the country besides the overuse of public funding on the Iraq War; the famous Gallup Poll has revealed that the American public is by and large supportive of NASA at present (Jones).   Of course, the Gallup Poll is a survey conducted through the scientific method.   So therefore, its results are considered credible.   All the same, Bergin reports that there is an obvious gap in support for the prestigious space agency of the United States among the group of Americans aged 18 to 24.   Perhaps the Gallup Poll would be considered credible still.   Regardless, Bergin adds that the young people of the United States are the future voters and taxpayers whose support is crucial for NASA’s future planning.   Hence, the Office of Strategic Analysis and Communications has assumed the responsibility of finding out whether the communications and public relations department of NASA is failing the young members of the American public (Bergin).   In other words, the young people of the United States must be inspired by the space programs of NASA.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   NASA has plenty of supporters willing to convince the public about the value of its work.   The Citizens for Space Exploration, for example, is a â€Å"multi-state organization† comprising U.S. taxpayers who are supportive of the United States’ space exploration investment (Citizens for Space Exploration).   The organization describes itself thus: â€Å"We are private citizens, small business owners, students, teachers, space and non-space business representatives, and county and municipal officials (Citizens for Space Exploration).†Ã‚   Seeing that people from almost all walks of life are backing NASA today, there is no doubt that the United States’ space exploration investment is almost fully supported by the American public.   Moreover, it may very well be that the young people of the United States are taking the problems of Iraq as well as health care more seriously than the older Americans. This is making them disbelieve in the value of NASA to the American society.   The goals of NASA, after all, do not appear as serious as the problems confronting the nation.   According to the Presidents National Space Policy, NASA must achieve the following goals for the United States: (1) Enhancement of knowledge about the universe, the solar system, and the Earth through robotic as well as human exploration; (2) Strengthening and maintaining the security of the nation; (3) Enhancement of â€Å"economic competitiveness† in addition to â€Å"scientific and technical capabilities of the United States;† (4) Encouragement of private, local and state use of, and investment in space technologies; and (5) Promotion of â€Å"international cooperation to further U.S. domestic, national security, and foreign policies (â€Å"External Assessment†).†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Apparently NASA did not help to secure the United States against the terrorist attacks on 9/11, which is why young people do not believe in the capabilities of the space agency.   Levin and Watson write that the majority of people in the United States had doubts about NASA even after it had managed to send man to the moon.   According to David, the American public is not very interested in sending people out of the Earth’s atmosphere in any case.   Hence, a survey conducted in the year 1971 by the Roper Organization revealed that two-thirds of the Americans were of the opinion that the government was spending far too much money on the exploration of space. However, the American public showed a great deal of support to NASA after the Columbia accident.   Although the accident entailed an increased need of public funding for NASA’s space programs – the number of Americans that had previously claimed that they wanted public funding for NASA to be reduced, declined.   As a matter of fact, soon after the Columbia accident, the National Opinion Research Center conducted its annual poll to discover that the number of people wanting a reduction of public funding for NASA had declined to thirty five percent (Levin and Watson).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Even so, the American public has consistently ranked the budget of NASA lower in importance than defense, health care and education.   When public funding for NASA fell during the 1990s – to the point of being halved – the space agency had little to spend on Research and Development, considering the massive amount of expenses it incurs on virtually all of its departments and programs.   After the Columbia disaster, the agency complained that the decline in public funding was indirectly responsible for the accident. As an example, NASA had cuts its budget for photographing the launches of shuttles.   Without vivid photographs of the patch of foam that had struck a wing of Columbia eighty two seconds after its launch, engineers at NASA had mistakenly concluded that Columbia was not in danger (Levi and Watson).   This may very well be the reason why public support for NASA increased after the accident.   After all, NASA cannot be shut down under the Presidents National Space Policy.   Thus, the American people must have gathered that they ought to support NASA as best as possible to ensure the safety of other Americans.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Still, the people of the United States do not believe in the extravagance of NASA’s programs.   Educated Americans are more likely to assume that the benefits of NASA continue to exceed its costs.   The majority of the Americans, on the other hand, are of the opinion that the space program should be similar to the Centers for Disease Control in delivering practical benefits to their lives.   Rich Americans, mostly men and white, are known to support NASA much more than the others.   The others are not too confident that the space agency is â€Å"worth its price tag (David).†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Although NASA is not supported by eighty percent of the Americans at present, and only a little more than half of the population of the United States is known to believe that the benefits of NASA exceed its costs; it is possible for the space agency to raise public support for its programs by communicating with the Americans, especially the young Americans, more often.   The young people can be inspired to enjoy NASA’s creativity.   All the same, there are a number of concerns on the young American mind that must be addressed before NASA’s experiences can be thoroughly enjoyed by all. These concerns include the health care problems facing the nation, as well as the tremendous amount of money that has been spent by the U.S. government on the Iraq War.   Undoubtedly, young people are more likely to believe that the problems faced by their nation present them with a great responsibility.   Hence, NASA would have to be patient if it is not supported by the young people of America.   After all, nobody ever said that NASA was more important to the United States than its defense, health care and education.   The United States is also suffering from a trade deficit at present.   NASA should consider it a blessing, therefore, that even fifty percent of the Americans support its programs. Works Cited Bergin, Chris. â€Å"Constellation concerned by the gap in public support for NASA.† http://www.citizensforspaceexploration.org/index.htm. David, Leonard. â€Å"Poll: Public support for NASA slipping.†http://www.space.com/news/nasa_poll_020510.html. â€Å"External Assessment.† http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/nsp/assess.htm. Jones, Jeffrey M. â€Å"Americans continue to rate NASA positively.†   31 Oct 2007. 19 Novhttp://www.gallup.com/poll/102466/Americans-Continue-Rate-NASA-Positively.aspx. Levin, Alan, and Traci Watson. â€Å"Public Support Could Prove Crucial for NASA.† 18 Aug 2007. 19 Nov 2007. http://www.usatoday.com/news/nation/2003-08-18-inside-shuttle_x.htm. â€Å"Public Opinion of the American Space Program. Sep 2007. 19 Nov 2007. http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/hqlibrary/pathfinders/opinion.htm.